3.Also,Buckfoundthattherentalpercentagewashigherwhenthelandownerprovidedpartofthefarminginputs（i.e.,thetenantcostwaslower）：
Thepercentageoftotalreceiptsforthelandlordvariesfrom24.6percent,……wheresmallrentsaredemandedto66.6percent,……wherethecroppersystemprevailsandwherethelandlordfurnisheseverythingbutlaborandroutinemanagement.[7]
Similarly,accordingtoanothersurveyconductedbyChing-MohCheninfourprovinces（China,1934）,anaveragerentalpercent-ageof55.98wasfoundintenantfarmswherelandownerspro-videdseeds,fertilizers,andbullocks,asparedtoanaverageof46.37percentwhenthetenantsprovidedthesenonlandin-puts.[8]
Furthermore,giventheproductionfunction,thelandspacerentedtoeachtenantdependsuponthefertilityoflandandthetenant'salternativeearning.Specifically,thefarmsizepertenantfamilywillbesmallerif（a）thelandismorefertileor（b）theten-ant'salternativeearningisloWer.[9]Again,supportingevidenceisstrong:
1.InKorea,theaveragefarmsizeoveraten-yearperiod（1929through1938）was0.58choforpaddy-fieldfarmsand0.97chofordrylandfarms.Inthesameperiodandlocation,thepricesofpaddyfieldsweremorethantwoandone-halftimesashighasthoseofdryfields,confirmingthatpaddyfieldsweregenerallymorefertile.[10]